Ultimate Guide to South Korea: Seoul, Busan, Jeju, and Beyond

Ultimate Guide to Seoul, South Korea

Welcome to Seoul, the heart of South Korea! This vibrant metropolis seamlessly blends ancient traditions with cutting-edge modernity. As the capital city, Seoul offers an unparalleled mix of historical palaces, futuristic architecture, mouth-watering cuisine, and a thriving pop culture scene.

Best Time to Visit:

• Spring (April-May): Cherry blossoms bloom, creating picturesque sceneries.
• Fall (September-November): Comfortable temperatures and stunning autumn foliage.
• Summer (June-August): Hot and humid, but filled with exciting festivals.
• Winter (December-February): Cold with occasional snow, perfect for winter activities.

Getting Around Seoul:

Seoul boasts one of the world's most efficient public transportation systems. The extensive subway network connects most parts of the city, while buses cover areas the subway doesn't reach. For convenience, purchase a T-money card, which can be used on subways, buses, and even in some stores.

Brief History:

Founded in 18 BCE, Seoul has been Korea's capital for over 600 years. Despite facing numerous invasions and the Korean War, the city has emerged as a global powerhouse, symbolizing South Korea's rapid economic growth and technological advancements.

Top 15 Things to See in Korea

Seoul Highlights:

1. Gyeongbokgung Palace: The largest of Seoul's five grand palaces, offering a glimpse into the Joseon Dynasty.
2. N Seoul Tower: Providing panoramic views of the city from atop Namsan Mountain.
3. Bukchon Hanok Village: A well-preserved traditional Korean village in the heart of Seoul.
4. Hongdae: A vibrant district known for its youthful energy, street performances, and trendy shops.
5. Dongdaemun Design Plaza: An ultramodern landmark showcasing innovative design and architecture.

Busan Highlights:

1. Haeundae Beach: Korea's most famous beach, perfect for sunbathing and water activities.
2. Gamcheon Culture Village: A colorful hillside community filled with vibrant murals and quirky cafes.
3. Jagalchi Fish Market: The largest seafood market in Korea, offering fresh catches and local delicacies.

Jeju Island Highlights:

1. Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak: A UNESCO World Heritage site, famous for its stunning sunrise views.
2. Manjanggul Cave: One of the world's largest lava tube caves, showcasing unique geological formations.
3. Jeju Folk Village: An open-air museum presenting traditional Jeju culture and lifestyle.

Gangwon-do Highlights:

1. Seoraksan National Park: Home to breathtaking mountain scenery, hiking trails, and a cable car ride.
2. Gyeongpo Beach: A beautiful 4km-long beach, popular for its clear waters and surrounding pine trees.
3. Ojukheon House: A well-preserved historical site, birthplace of the famous Joseon scholar Yulgok.

Perfect Seoul Itinerary: 4 Days in the City

Day 1: Historical Seoul

• Morning: Start your day at Gyeongbokgung Palace. Witness the changing of the guards and explore the National Folk Museum within the palace grounds.
• Afternoon: Walk through Bukchon Hanok Village, then visit nearby Insadong for traditional crafts and tea houses.
• Evening: Enjoy a traditional Korean dinner at Korea House, followed by a cultural performance.

Day 2: Modern Seoul

• Morning: Begin at Dongdaemun Design Plaza, exploring its futuristic architecture and exhibits.
• Afternoon: Shop in Myeongdong, one of Seoul's main shopping districts.
• Evening: Take in the night views from N Seoul Tower, then explore Itaewon's international dining scene.

Day 3: Cultural Immersion

• Morning: Visit a jimjilbang (Korean spa) for a uniquely Korean experience.
• Afternoon: Explore Hongdae, enjoying street performances and quirky cafes.
• Evening: Experience Korean BBQ in Majang-dong, Seoul's meat market district.

Day 4: Shopping and Relaxation

• Morning: Start at Gwangjang Market for traditional street food and textiles.
• Afternoon: Explore the trendy Garosu-gil in Gangnam for boutique shopping.
• Evening: Relax with a Han River cruise, enjoying views of Seoul's illuminated skyline.

Restaurant Recommendations:

• Tosokchon for samgyetang (ginseng chicken soup)
• Maple Tree House for Korean BBQ
• Osegyehyang for vegetarian temple cuisine
• Gwangjang Market for various street food options

Tips:

• Purchase a T-money card for convenient public transportation.
• Download Naver or Kakao Maps for navigating Seoul.
• Learn basic Korean phrases to enhance your experience.
• Be respectful when visiting palaces and temples by dressing modestly.

Comprehensive Korea Itinerary: 7 Days of Adventure

Day 1-3: Seoul Exploration

Day 4-5: Busan

• Day 4:
  • Morning: Take the KTX (high-speed train) to Busan (about 2.5 hours).
  • Afternoon: Visit Gamcheon Culture Village for its colorful murals and winding alleys.
  • Evening: Enjoy fresh seafood at Jagalchi Fish Market.
• Day 5:
  • Morning: Relax at Haeundae Beach.
  • Afternoon: Explore Haedong Yonggungsa Temple, a beautiful oceanside temple.
  • Evening: Take in the night views from Busan Tower in Yongdusan Park.

Day 6-7: Jeju Island

• Day 6:
  • Morning: Fly to Jeju Island (about 1 hour from Busan).
  • Afternoon: Visit Seongsan Ilchulbong Peak and nearby Seopjikoji.
  • Evening: Try Jeju's famous black pork at a local restaurant.
• Day 7:
  • Morning: Explore Manjanggul Cave.
  • Afternoon: Visit Jeju Folk Village or relax at one of Jeju's beautiful beaches.
  • Evening: Return flight to Seoul for departure.

Transportation Options:

• Seoul to Busan: KTX train (fastest), express bus, or domestic flight.
• Busan to Jeju: Domestic flight (quickest option).
• Within cities: Subway, bus, and taxi services are readily available.

City Guide: Seoul

Neighborhoods to Explore:

• Gangnam: Known for its upscale shops, restaurants, and nightlife.
• Hongdae: Youthful area with street performances, indie music scenes, and quirky cafes.
• Insadong: Traditional Korean culture, art galleries, and tea houses.
• Itaewon: International dining and diverse nightlife options.
• Myeongdong: Popular shopping district with street food and beauty stores.

Shopping Districts:

• Myeongdong: Fashion brands, cosmetics, and street food.
• Dongdaemun: 24-hour shopping complex for fashion and fabrics.
• Garosu-gil: Trendy boutiques and cafes.
• Namdaemun Market: Traditional market with everything from clothes to kitchenware.

Nightlife Spots:

• Itaewon: Diverse range of bars and clubs catering to the international crowd.
• Hongdae: Energetic nightlife with live music venues and dance clubs.
• Gangnam: Upscale clubs and bars.

Local Customs and Etiquette:

• Bow slightly when greeting people, especially elders.
• Remove shoes before entering homes and some traditional restaurants.
• Use both hands when giving or receiving items from elders or in formal situations.
• Avoid writing names in red ink, as this symbolizes death.

Exploring Busan: Korea's Vibrant Coastal City

As South Korea's second-largest city, Busan offers a perfect blend of urban energy and coastal charm. Known for its beautiful beaches, fresh seafood, and unique cultural attractions, Busan provides a refreshing contrast to Seoul's metropolitan hustle.

Haeundae Beach and Gwangalli Beach:

Haeundae is Korea's most famous beach, boasting a 1.5km stretch of fine sand and clear waters. It's a hub for sunbathers in summer and hosts the Busan International Film Festival in fall. Gwangalli Beach offers a more local vibe with stunning views of the Gwangan Bridge, especially beautiful when illuminated at night.

Gamcheon Culture Village:

Often called the "Machu Picchu of Busan," this hillside community is a maze of narrow alleyways, colorful houses, and quirky art installations. Once a poor refugee settlement, it's now a vibrant arts district filled with cafes, galleries, and panoramic viewpoints.

Jagalchi Fish Market:

As the largest seafood market in Korea, Jagalchi is a must-visit for food enthusiasts. Here, you can sample fresh catches, watch live auctions, and even have your selected seafood cooked on the spot at nearby restaurants. Don't miss trying Busan's famous eomuk (fish cake) while you're here.

Jeju Island: Korea's Tropical Paradise

Natural Wonders:

Jeju Island, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is renowned for its stunning natural beauty. Hallasan Mountain, South Korea's highest peak, offers challenging hikes and breathtaking views. Seongsan Ilchulbong, also known as "Sunrise Peak," is a tuff cone formed by volcanic eruptions, providing spectacular sunrise views.

Unique Culture and History:

Jeju has a distinct culture from mainland Korea, influenced by its isolated location. Visit the Jeju Haenyeo Museum to learn about the island's famous female divers. The Jeju Stone Park showcases the island's unique geology and mythology.

Outdoor Activities and Beaches:

Jeju offers numerous outdoor activities, from hiking and horseback riding to water sports. Hamdeok Beach and Hyeopjae Beach are popular for their clear waters and white sand. For a unique experience, try snorkeling at Seogwipo to see Jeju's underwater volcanic formations.

Local Cuisine and Specialties:

Don't miss trying Jeju black pork, considered some of the best in Korea. The tangerine-fed black pork is a local delicacy. Also sample abalone, caught fresh by Jeju's haenyeo (female divers), and hallabong, Jeju's famous citrus fruit.

Gangwon-do: Nature and Adventure in Korea's Mountains

Seoraksan National Park:

Home to some of Korea's most beautiful mountain scenery, Seoraksan offers hiking trails for all levels. The Seoraksan Cable Car provides easy access to stunning views for those who prefer a less strenuous option. Don't miss Sinheungsa Temple, with its giant Buddha statue at the park's entrance.

Ski Resorts and Winter Activities:

Gangwon-do is a winter sports paradise. Yongpyong Resort, the main venue for the 2018 Winter Olympics, offers world-class ski and snowboard facilities. Alpensia Resort is another popular option, featuring a ski jump tower that provides panoramic views year-round.

Traditional Villages and Temples:

Visit Ojukheon House in Gangneung, the birthplace of famous Joseon scholar Yulgok. The nearby Seongyojang House offers insights into traditional upper-class living. For a spiritual experience, consider a temple stay at Woljeongsa Temple, nestled in a beautiful pine forest.

Local Food Specialties:

Try Gangwon-do's famous dakgalbi (spicy stir-fried chicken) in Chuncheon, the dish's birthplace. In coastal areas, sample fresh seafood, particularly squid in Sokcho. Don't miss makguksu, a refreshing buckwheat noodle dish perfect for summer.

Choosing the Right Korea Trip Package

Types of Packages Available:

• All-inclusive tours: Cover accommodation, transportation, and most meals and activities.
• Partially guided tours: Provide some guided activities with free time for personal exploration.
• Customizable packages: Allow you to pick and choose elements based on your preferences.

What to Look for in a Good Package:

• Itinerary variety: Ensures a mix of popular attractions and off-the-beaten-path experiences.
• Accommodation quality: Confirms the standard of hotels included.
• Group size: Smaller groups often provide a more personalized experience.
• Included meals: Check if local specialties are part of the package.
• Transportation: Ensures comfortable and efficient travel between destinations.

Pros and Cons of Guided Tours vs. Independent Travel:

Guided Tours:

• Pros: Convenience, local expertise, language support, pre-arranged logistics.
• Cons: Less flexibility, potential for rushed schedules, limited personal exploration time.

Independent Travel:

• Pros: Flexibility, personalized pace, potential cost savings, more immersive local experiences.
• Cons: More planning required, potential language barriers, navigating transportation independently.

Korea Travel Tips

Language Basics:

• "Annyeonghaseyo" (안녕하세요) - Hello
• "Kamsahamnida" (감사합니다) - Thank you
• "Juseyo" (주세요) - Please (when requesting something)
• "Eodi-eyo?" (어디예요?) - Where is...?
• "Hwajangsil eodi-eyo?" (화장실 어디예요?) - Where is the bathroom?

Currency and Money Matters:

• The currency is the Korean Won (KRW).
• Credit cards are widely accepted in cities, but carry cash for markets and rural areas.
• ATMs are abundant, but look for "Global ATM" signs for foreign card compatibility.

Safety Information:

• South Korea is generally very safe for tourists.
• Be cautious of pickpockets in crowded areas and night markets.
• In case of emergencies, dial 112 for police and 119 for fire/ambulance.

Weather and What to Pack:

• Spring/Fall: Light jackets, layers for temperature fluctuations.
• Summer: Light, breathable clothing, rain gear.
• Winter: Warm coats, gloves, and boots for snow.
• Comfortable walking shoes for extensive city exploration.

Cultural Sensitivity:

• Bow slightly when greeting, especially to elders.
• Remove shoes when entering homes and some traditional restaurants.
• Avoid writing names in red ink, as this is associated with death.
• Be mindful of noise levels, especially on public transportation.

Korean Cuisine: A Culinary Journey

Popular Dishes to Try in Seoul:

• Bibimbap: A bowl of rice topped with vegetables, meat, egg, and gochujang (red chili paste).
• Samgyeopsal: Grilled pork belly, often enjoyed with soju (Korean liquor).
• Kimchi: Fermented vegetables, a staple side dish.
• Tteokbokki: Spicy rice cakes, a popular street food.
• Samgyetang: Ginseng chicken soup, believed to have health benefits.

Regional Specialties: Busan:

• Milmyeon: Cold wheat noodles in a tangy broth.
• Dwaeji Gukbap: Pork soup with rice.

Jeju:

• Black Pork: Prized for its flavor and tenderness.
• Hallabong: A type of tangerine native to Jeju.

Gangwon-do:

• Dakgalbi: Spicy stir-fried chicken.
• Makguksu: Cold buckwheat noodles.

Best Food Markets and Streets:

• Gwangjang Market, Seoul: Famous for bindaetteok (mung bean pancakes) and mayak gimbap (seaweed rice rolls).
• Myeongdong Street Food Alley, Seoul: Offers a variety of trendy street foods.
• Jagalchi Fish Market, Busan: Fresh seafood and local specialties.
• Dongmun Market, Jeju: Local produce and Jeju specialties.

Etiquette for Dining Out:

• Wait for elders to start eating before you begin.
• Use chopsticks and spoon, not hands.
• Don't leave chopsticks sticking upright in rice.
• It's polite to pour drinks for others and receive drinks with both hands.

Day Trips from Seoul

DMZ Tour:

The Demilitarized Zone offers a sobering look at the division between North and South Korea. Most tours include visits to:

• Imjingak Park: A park dedicated to Korean War memories
• The Third Infiltration Tunnel: One of several tunnels allegedly built by North Korea
• Dora Observatory: Where you can view North Korean territory
• Dorasan Station: The northernmost train station in South Korea

Note: DMZ tours must be booked in advance and require passport information.

Nami Island:

A small, half-moon shaped island famous for its tree-lined roads and as a filming location for Korean dramas.

• How to get there: Take a train to Gapyeong Station, then a short bus or taxi ride to the ferry terminal.
• Activities: Rent a bicycle, enjoy picnics, or take scenic walks.
• Don't miss: The Meta Sequoia Lane, especially beautiful in autumn.

Suwon Hwaseong Fortress:

A UNESCO World Heritage site, this late 18th-century fortress showcases traditional Korean architecture.

• How to get there: Take the subway to Suwon Station, then a local bus to the fortress.
• What to see: Climb the fortress walls for city views, visit Hwaseong Haenggung Palace.
• Tip: Consider renting a hanbok (traditional Korean clothing) for photos.

Outdoor Activities Across Korea

Hiking:

• Bukhansan National Park (Seoul): Offers various trails for different skill levels, with stunning city views.
• Seoraksan National Park (Gangwon-do): Known for its beautiful autumn colors and challenging hikes.

Beach Activities:

• Haeundae Beach (Busan): Try parasailing, jet skiing, or simply sunbathing.
• Hyeopjae Beach (Jeju): Known for its clear waters, perfect for snorkeling.

Winter Sports in Gangwon-do:

• Yongpyong Resort: Host of 2018 Winter Olympics events, offers world-class skiing and snowboarding.
• Alpensia Resort: Features ski jumping towers and a sledding hill for family fun.

Cycling:

• Han River Bike Path (Seoul): A scenic route along the river with bike rentals available.
• Jeju Olle Trail: Some sections are suitable for cycling, offering beautiful coastal views.

Accommodation Guide

Seoul:

• Myeongdong/Namsan: Central location, great for first-time visitors.
• Hongdae: Budget-friendly options, vibrant nightlife.
• Gangnam: Luxury hotels and high-end shopping.

Busan:

• Haeundae: Beach access, many hotel options.
• Seomyeon: Central location, good for shopping and dining.

Jeju:

• Jeju City: Convenient for arrival, departures, and northern attractions.
• Seogwipo: Closer to southern beaches and natural attractions.

Gangwon-do:

• Sokcho: Gateway to Seoraksan National Park.
• Pyeongchang: Ski resorts and winter sports.

Unique Accommodations:

• Hanok stays: Traditional Korean house experience, available in Seoul's Bukchon area and Jeonju.
• Temple stays: Overnight programs at Buddhist temples for a spiritual experience.

Booking Tips:

• Book in advance for peak seasons (cherry blossom season, autumn, and summer holidays).
• Use apps like Agoda or Yanolja for local hotel deals.
• Consider guesthouses or hostels for budget-friendly options with a local touch.

Transportation Guide: Getting Around Korea

Navigating Seoul's Subway System:

• Extensive network covering most of the city.
• Purchase a T-money card for convenient travel on subways and buses.
• English announcements and signs make navigation easier.

Intercity Travel:

• KTX (Korea Train Express): High-speed train connecting major cities.
• Express buses: Comfortable and affordable for longer distances.
• Domestic flights: Quick option for reaching Jeju or far-flung cities.

Getting Around Busan, Jeju, and Gangwon-do:

• Busan: Efficient subway system and buses.
• Jeju: Rental cars are popular, but buses are available. Taxis can be expensive for long trips.
• Gangwon-do: Intercity buses connect major towns. Taxis or tour buses for more remote areas.

Taxi and Ride-hailing Services:

• Regular taxis are abundant in cities. Look for orange 'international taxis' for English-speaking drivers.
• Kakao T app: Korea's equivalent to Uber, available in English.

Shopping in Korea: From Traditional Markets to Modern Malls

Shopping Districts in Seoul and Busan:

• Seoul: Myeongdong (fashion and beauty), Dongdaemun (24-hour shopping), Garosu-gil (trendy boutiques)
• Busan: Nampo-dong (street shopping), Shinsegae Centum City (world's largest department store)

Traditional Markets:

• Gwangjang Market (Seoul): Famous for textiles and street food
• Jagalchi Fish Market (Busan): Korea's largest seafood market
• Seomun Market (Daegu): Textiles and traditional goods

What to Buy:

• Beauty products: Korean skincare and cosmetics
• Electronics: Latest gadgets from Korean brands
• Traditional crafts: Celadon pottery, hanji (traditional paper) products
• Food items: Ginseng, tea, Korean snacks

Tax Refund Information:

• Available for purchases over 30,000 KRW at tax-free stores
• Keep receipts and look for "Tax Free" signs in shops
• Process refund at the airport before departure

Frequently Asked Questions About Visiting Korea

Visa Requirements:

• Many countries have visa-free entry for short stays
• Check the Korean Embassy website for your country's specific requirements

Wi-Fi and Connectivity:

• Free Wi-Fi widely available in public spaces and cafes
• Portable Wi-Fi devices or local SIM cards available for rent at airports

Public Transportation Options:

• Extensive subway systems in Seoul and Busan
• Buses available in most cities
• T-money card usable for most public transportation

Cultural Dos and Don'ts:

• Do remove shoes when entering homes or traditional restaurants
• Don't write names in red ink
• Do use both hands when giving or receiving from elders
• Don't tip in restaurants (not customary in Korea)

Health and Safety Tips:

• Tap water is generally safe to drink in cities
• Healthcare is excellent, but travel insurance is recommended
• Emergency numbers: 119 for ambulance, 112 for police

Off the Beaten Path: Lesser-Known Destinations

While Korea's major cities and attractions are must-sees, consider these unique locations for a different perspective:

Damyang:

• Famous for its bamboo forest and Juknokwon Garden
• Try local specialties like bamboo rice and Daetongbap (rice cooked in bamboo)

Andong:

• Known for its well-preserved Joseon-era village, Hahoe Folk Village
• Try Andong soju, a stronger version of the popular Korean liquor

Boseong:

• Home to picturesque green tea fields
• Visit during the Green Tea Festival in May

Gyeongju:

• Often called "the museum without walls" for its abundant historical sites
• Don't miss Bulguksa Temple and Seokguram Grotto, both UNESCO World Heritage sites

These lesser-known destinations offer a glimpse into Korea's rich cultural heritage and natural beauty, away from the usual tourist crowds.

This completes the comprehensive guide to South Korea, covering Seoul, Busan, Jeju, Gangwon-do, and beyond. Whether you're interested in modern city life, historical sites, natural wonders, or culinary adventures, Korea offers a wealth of experiences for every type of traveler.